Censorship Crisis: Analysis of Memes on Twitter and Their Reception
PDF

Keywords

multimodality
social media
qualitative analysis
quantitative analysis
memes
representation
censorship

How to Cite

Hallová, J. (2023). Censorship Crisis: Analysis of Memes on Twitter and Their Reception. Tertium Linguistic Journal, 8(1), 125-151. https://doi.org/10.7592/Tertium.2023.8.1.243

Abstract

The following research studies the use of memes on the social platform Twitter with regards to celebrity representation. Specifically, it analyzes two memetic posts by Elon Musk and the representation tactics behind them, using elements of multimodal analysis and critical discourse analysis. Subsequently, the study looks at the reception of these posts via comparative content analysis with custom classification to determine how successful the tactics behind these posts are and whether there is any evidence observable in the reception regarding censorship on Twitter after its purchase by Elon Musk. The comparative study comes in a form of quantitative analysis of the first 150 responses to each of the two posts. The study does not only demonstrate instances of attempts at diminishing the distance which the inherent power of a celebrity personage on social media creates, but also how successful these attempts are and whether they manage to distract the audience from the personage in question and their power over them.

PDF

References

Bambrough, Billy, Anat Alon-Beck, John Brandon, Richard McGahey, Jonathan Ponciano, Derek Saul, Nick Reimann, Jacob Wolinsky, Robert W. Wood, William Pesek, Peter Suciu (2022a) “Elon Musk.” Forbes. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/profile/elon-musk/?list=rtb/. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Bambrough, Billy, Anat Alon-Beck, John Brandon, Richard McGahey, Jonathan Ponciano, Derek Saul, Nick Reimann, Jacob Wolinsky, Robert W. Wood, William Pesek, Peter Suciu (2022b) “The Real-Time Billionaires List.” Forbes. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/real-time-billionaires/. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Bou-Franch, Patricia, Pilar Garcés-Conejos Blitvich (2019) “Introduction to Analyzing Digital Discourse: New Insights and Future Directions.: [In:] Patricia Bou-Franch, Pilar Garcés-Conejos Blitvich (eds.), Analyzing Digital Discourse: New Insights and Future Directions. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan; 3–21.

Editorial Board (2023, May 2) “Elon Musk’s Twitter is Helping Governments Shut Their Citizens Up.” Washington Post. Retrieved from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2023/05/02/musk-twitter-censorship-government/. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Hall, Stuart (1997) Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices (Culture, Media and Identities Series). London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications & Open University.

Hemsley, Jeff, Rebecca D. Kelly (2019) “Scratching a Niche: How Smaller Social Media Players Such as Dribbble Reflect the Viral Phenomenon.” Social Media and Society 5 (4), 205630511989005. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119890051.

Marwick, Alice, Danah Boyd (2011) “To See and Be Seen: Celebrity Practice on Twitter.” Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 17 (2); 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856510394539.

Masnick, Mike (2022) “Elon Musk’s First Move Is to Fire the Person Most Responsible for Twitter’s Strong Free Speech Stance.” Techdirt (October 28). Retrieved from: https://www.techdirt.com/2022/10/28/elon-musks-first-move-is-to-fire-the-person-most-responsible-for-twitters-strong-free-speech-stance/. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Matt (2023) “Death Knocking on Doors.” Know Your Meme. Retrieved from: https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/death-knocking-on-doors. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Ramanathan, Renugah, B. H. Tan. (2015). “Application of Critical Discourse Analysis in Media Discourse Studies.” The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies 21 (2), 57–68.

S (2022) “Mother Ignoring Kid Drowning in a Pool.” Know Your Meme (July 24). Retrieved from:https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/mother-ignoring-kid-drowning-in-a-pool. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Shifman, Limor (2013) Memes in Digital Culture (MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Taecharungroj, Viriya, Pitchganut Nueangjamnong (2014) “The Effect of Humour on Virality: The Study of Internet Memes on Social Media.” Paper presented at 7th International Forum on Public Relations and Advertising Media Impacts on Culture and Social Communication. Bangkok.

Tangalakis-Lippert, Katherine (2022) “Despite Calling Himself a “Free Speech Absolutist,” Elon Musk Has a History of Retaliation against Employees and Critics.” Business Insider (March 27). Retrieved from: https://www.businessinsider.com/free-speech-absolutist-elon-musk-censors-employees-critics-2022-3. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Tsakona, Villy, Jan Chovanec (2020) “Revisiting Intertextuality and Humour: Fresh Perspectives on a Classic Topic.” The European Journal of Humour Research 8 (3); 1–15. https://doi.org/10.7592/ejhr2020.8.3.tsakona.

Twitter Help (2023) “Twitter’s Policy on Hateful Conduct help.twitter.com.” Retrieved from: https://help.twitter.com/en/rules-and-policies/hateful-conduct-policy. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Urban Dictionary. Retrieved from: https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=%2FS. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Van Dijk, Teun A. (2000) Ideology and Discourse: A Multidisciplinary Introduction. Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona. Retrieved from: http://www.discursos.org/unpublished%20articles/ Ideology%20and%20discourse.pdf. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Vásquez, Camilla, Erhan Aslan (2021) “’Cats Be Outside, How about Meow’: Multimodal Humor and Creativity in an Internet Meme.” Journal of Pragmatics 171; 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2020.10.006.

Wiggins, Bradley E. (2019) The Discursive Power of Memes in Digital Culture [E-book]. Milton: Routledge.

Yus, Francisco (2019) “Multimodality in Memes: A Cyberpragmatics Approach.” [In:] Patricia Bou-Franch, Pilar Garcés-Conejos Blitvich (eds.) Analyzing Digital Discourse: New Insights and Future Directions. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan; 105–131.

Zahn, Max (2022) “A Timeline of Elon Musk’s Tumultuous Twitter Acquisition.” ABC News (November 12). Retrieved from: https://abcnews.go.com/Business/timeline-elon-musks-tumultuous-twitter-acquisition-attempt/story?id=86611191. (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2023 Tertium Linguistic Journal

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.